Public Policy on Business Competition Essay

Synopsis American organizations have been off guard from their remote rivals because of the imperfect financial framework and the entrepreneur economy of the nation. The outside organizations have been persistently improving their proficiency and viability corresponding to their American partners which implies that they have now gotten increasingly serious and can even outperform that of the American items. The severe government guidelines and taxes intended to ensure the American economy is presently the reason for the lesser occupations accessible for American laborers. Re-appropriating had certainly diminished the quantity of employments and some way or another the industrialist society that America has depended on re-appropriating as a method of reducing expenses. Free enterprise has its own wrongs when contrasted with communism. Communism is something contrary to private enterprise, in communism the legislature needs to make sure that riches is dispensed to all citizenry. Despite the fact that, communism has given to the entirety of its individuals it additionally carried the economy of the nation to its ruin. The guideline of similar favorable position is the way to guaranteeing that countries exist together and get related on each other. Near favorable position implies that every nation delivers a specific item which is turns into the financial quality of the nation. It might have it’s own inconveniences however every nation will have their own near bit of leeway and disservice.  Public Policy on Business Competition  â â â â â â â â â â For over four decades now, American organizations have been losing ground to remote contenders. While 24.8 percent of all vehicles sold everywhere throughout the world were made in the United States in 1986, by 1992 the U.S. share had declined to 20.7 percent. Presently, this number goes further down to a little more than 16 percent (OICA). Various elements have added to the loss of the United States’ producing intensity. To start with, outside contenders have put resources into progressively proficient hardware and forms and have established different projects that have raised laborer efficiency comparative with the United States. Second, legislatures of some outside assembling businesses have given arranging, budgetary sponsorships, positive assessment rates, and other mechanical strategies intended to sustain and bolster their modern base. In any case, maybe the best motivation behind why the United States is slipping as far as worldwide intensity is a result of open strategies dependent on indulging.  â â â â â â â â â â Arbitrary exchange boundaries, unreasonable shares, and excessively prohibitive levies are the standard with regards to the government’s current remain on business rivalry. American specialists and organizations are in a consistent condition of cognizance wherein a feeling of privilege plagues. They continually campaign since they feel that the legislature should shield them from the downpour of rivalry from abroad. The thing is, Americans will keep on losing their business to the Indians and the Chinese. Organizations intend to reduce expenses any place and at whatever point they can. Given a decision, they will redistribute to whomever can give them the best worth. Rather than crying and campaigning, Americans should search for approaches to change. They ought to get rid of needing to do humble assignments and begin looking towards employments that require more aptitude and mental sharpness. Not having any desire to improve and rather requesting insurance from the tides of progress won't advance society at all and rather debases it. Actually, it is the premise of an idea that was demonstrated inadequate and impracticable.  â â â â â â â â â â Socialism depends on the imperfect thought that citizenry ought to be rises to and the legislature must make sure that everybody is being thought about. One of the significant objections imposed by communists has been that private enterprise licenses surplus incentive to stream to industrialists, making free enterprise an exceptionally inconsistent, class-ridden society. On the other hand, a communist society would share the arrival to capital among the laborers, in this manner advancing a lot more prominent fairness than a market economy. This â€Å"strength† as communists put it, end up being socialism’s ruin.  â â â â â â â â â â Indeed, the experience of communist nations represents how endeavors to level wages by seizing property from the rich can wind up harming everybody. By forbidding private responsibility for, communist governments reduced the disparities that emerged from huge property earnings. Be that as it may, the diminished motivations to work, gather capital, and improve †on the grounds that the legislature will accommodate each man †disabled this framework and ruined whole nations.  â â â â â â â â â â The guideline of similar preferred position holds that every nation will spend significant time in the creation and fare of those merchandise or administrations that it can deliver at moderately ease since it is more proficient in delivering them than different nations. On the other hand, every nation will import those merchandise which it produces at generally significant expense or those that it is unequipped for delivering by any means. This straightforward guideline gives the unflinching premise to worldwide exchange (Samuelson and Nordhaus 663). The most proficient and profitable example of specialization is that countries should focus on exercises in which they are moderately or nearly more productive than others. What's more, despite the fact that nations might be totally less or more proficient than every single other nation, every single nation will have an unmistakable near preferred position in certain territories while having a clear relative drawback in others. End The worldwide financial circle is mind boggling and it is essentially represented by the most impressive nation. The American economy had been one of the most grounded financial players in worldwide exchange. At the point when a nation turns out to be excessively reliant on different nations for their financial items and administrations, similar to the American culture, it tends to be accepted that they are putting their monetary government assistance because of different countries. This can tremendously affect American economy as the most essential administrations keep on being re-appropriated, money related quality is decreased. It is like a nursery worker who is watering the neighbor’s yard. The American culture is pouring their cash to outside economies without considering whether that remote nation will work with American organizations as end purchasers. So as to switch things around, the American government should seek after and receive the rule of similar bit of leeway, rather than depending on private enterprise or communism alone. With near preferred position every nation spends significant time in a couple of items and administrations, in this manner balancing force and impact in the universal economy. American businesses should investigate the perils of re-appropriating, the disservices of reducing expenses in the cost of joblessness and the evil impacts of over reliance on remote nations. Thusly, the administration ought to practically look at the current situation of the nation in universal exchange. Relative preferred position holds the key for financial security and progress.  Reference: Hitt, Michael An., Ireland, R. Duane and Hoskisson, Robert E. South-Western College Publishing, 1999. Association Internationale des Constructeurs d’Automobiles. Accessible: http://oica.net/wp-content/transfers/2007/06/worldprod_country-revised.pdf., January 19, 2008. Samuelsson, Paul A. furthermore, Nordhaus, William D.2.

Biography of the Wealthy Painter Peter Paul Rubens

Life story of the Wealthy Painter Peter Paul Rubens Dwindle Paul Rubens was a Flemish Baroque painter, most popular for his unrestrained European style of painting. He figured out how to integrate various variables, from the experts of the Renaissance and the early Baroque. He had an enchanted existence. He was alluring, knowledgeable, a conceived squire and, by dint of ability, had a virtual lock on the picture showcase in northern Europe. He was knighted, feted, became impressively well off from commissions and kicked the bucket before he outlasted his ability. Early Life Rubens was conceived on June 28, 1577, in Siegen, a German territory of Westphalia, where his Protestant-inclining legal advisor father had moved the family during the Counter-Reformation. Taking note of the young men vivacious knowledge, his dad actually observed that youthful Peter got an old style training. Rubens mother, who might not have shared a liking for the Reformation, moved her family back to Antwerp (where she possessed an unobtrusive property) in 1567 after her spouses troublesome passing. At 13 years old, when the familys remaining assets went to furnish his senior sister with a marriage share, Rubens was sent to be a page in the home of the Countess of Lalaing. The cleaned habits he got there served him well in the years ahead, however after a few (despondent) months he got his mom to student him to a painter. By 1598, he had joined the painters society. His Art From 1600 to 1608, Rubens lived in Italy, at the administration of the Duke of Mantua. During this time he deliberately considered crafted by the Renaissance experts. Upon his arrival to Antwerp, he turned into the court painter to the Spanish governors of Flanders and therefore to Charles I of England (who, actually, knighted Rubens for strategic work) and Marie de Medici, Queen of France. The more notable works he turned out during the following 30 years incorporated The Elevation of the Cross (1610), The Lion Hunt (1617-18), and Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus (1617). His court representations were in extraordinary interest, as he as often as possible set their subjects in juxtaposition with divine beings and goddesses of folklore to all the more likely recognize the elevated places of respectability and sovereignty. He painted strict and chasing subjects, just as scenes, yet is most popular for his oft-unclothed figures who appeared to twirl in development. He adored depicting young ladies with meat on their bones, and moderately aged ladies wherever express gratitude toward him right up 'til today. Rubens broadly said, My ability is to such an extent that no endeavor, anyway huge in size...has ever outperformed my boldness. Rubens, who had a greater number of solicitations for work than time, became well off, amassed an assortment of workmanship and claimed a house in Antwerp and a nation home. In 1630, he wedded his subsequent spouse (the first had passed on certain years prior to), a 16-year-old young lady. They spent a glad decade together before gout welcomed on cardiovascular breakdown and finished Rubens life on May 30, 1640, in the Spanish Netherlands (present day Belgium). The Flemish Baroque continued with his replacements, the vast majority of whom (especially Anthony van Dyke) he had prepared. Significant Works The Massacre of the Innocents, 1611The Hippopotamus Hunt, 1616The Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus, 1617Diana and Callisto, 1628The Judgment of Paris, 1639Self Portrait, 1639

Human sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human sexuality - Essay Example The old Greeks are famous for their obsession with the male genitalia, making it the point of convergence of different kinds of craftsmanship and display (â€Å"History of Sex†, 2004). This has persuaded that they were basically a race of gay people, who possibly had sexual relations with their spouses when important with the end goal of multiplication. To a limited degree, particularly as it applies to the life of the spouse, this is very evident. At the point when the spouses are thought of by any stretch of the imagination, it’s normally with regards to, â€Å"gee, I wonder why those ladies set up with their men out celebrating with their person companions all the time?† Very little thought is ever given to the idea of a sexual coexistence for the ladies of old Greece. â€Å"The male thought of female sexuality was that Greek men accepted that ladies begrudged their penises† (â€Å"History of Sex†, 2004). In spite of this somewhat slanted perspec tive on female sexuality, there is a wide assemblage of data with respect to the fairly formalized perspectives this general public held seeing their ladies as they became sexual creatures. Fundamentally, these ladies were consigned to two extremely unmistakable general classifications †they were either spouses or they were whores (Thompson, 2005). It was in the job of a whore that a lady had the best cultural adaptability, however this didn't mean they had the option to live preferable lives over the spouses, who were basically overlooked other than to have youngsters (Thompson, 2005).

EU law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

EU law - Assignment Example The scientist expresses that in European Union, the most significant authoritative instruments are guidelines and mandates. A guideline is a general principle that is committing upon part countries in entire and is straightforwardly appropriate to all part states. Committing in entire indicates that the part states has no inclination as to strategy and structure. Then again, mandates are general principle, however they are authoritative concerning their outcome. For every part state, it is normal, an order is committing regarding the result to be cultivated. With regards to the decision to strategy and structure, the establishments of the part states can practice their capacity. There is less lucidity about their immediate effect because of the more extensive arrangement opportunity given to part states in transposing EU mandates. In any case, one ought not underestimate the effect of orders, and the national guidelines will must be translated in such a style, that is most in agreeme nt with the mandate under reference. On account of its own breakdown to complete the responsibilities which the order requires, a Member Nation which has not embraced the sanctioning activities as requested by the mandate inside the specified time may not bank upon it as against such people. In line with a person who has followed with the specifications of a mandate, may demand a civil court not to direct to actualize a city rule which is in opposition to the order not executed into the local authority arrangement of a repudiating Member Nation. Further, it must support that request if the responsibility in issue is adequately exact and unconditional.2. S2 European Communities Act 1972 specifies that â€Å"all such benefits, specialists, obligations, responsibilities and restrictions ... emerging by or made under the Treaties ... as in concurrence with the Treaties are without further approval to be agreed authority sway or utilized in the UK, will be ... forced so ... â€Å" Furt her, any assigned Minister, Her Majesty may by Order in Council, or potentially division may by rules, make arrangement ... to execute any Community duty of the United Kingdom. Orders fall under auxiliary enactment of the wellspring of EU law. A mandate is a most huge authoritative instrument together with the EU guideline. Its principle point is to unite the double points of both guaranteeing the required consistency of Union law and respecting the assorted variety of national structures and customs. It is to be recollected that order primarily focuses on the harmonization and not for the unification of the law. The justification is to dispose of contentions and logical inconsistencies between national guidelines and laws or continuously to sob out inconsistencies, so that, a uniform specification exists in all the part countries. It is to be noticed that a mandate is compulsory on all the part countries concerning the objective to be cultivated, however it appoints it to the natio nal authorities to fix it on how the agreed network objective is to be actualized into their residential legitimate structures. Particularly, the part countries can take into the image of exceptional residential situations while actualizing the network rules. What is significant that an EU order doesn't outperform the laws of part countries however puts a dedication on the part countries to fine - tune their national law in congruity with Community guidelines? Thus, there will be two â€phases of law-production practice win in EU3. Source - eur-lex.europa.eu †º EUR-Lex Home †º Help In UK, the â€Å"General Product Safety Regulations 2005 â€Å"is in power and these guidelines are established in similarity with the â€Å"section 2(2) of the European Communities Act and transpose the Directive 2001/95/EC on general Product Safety† into UK law. The fundamental point of the General Product Safety Directive (GPSD) is to ensure that all merchandise focused on or plaus ible to be utilized by UK inhabitants under everything being equal and typical unsurprising specifications are protected. In the event of cell phones, the GPS Regulations will reach out to those-parts of wellbeing in UK. The GPSD is pertinent to

Fermina Daza A Strong Independent Woman - Literature Essay Samples

The idea of equality of the sexes in Latin America is a relatively new phenomena. Until the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the time period of Love in the Time of Cholera, women were predominantly treated as the inferior sex. Therefore, women were also often excluded from taking part in public life like their male counterparts in areas such as those pertaining to politics, economics, and education. Although women of the time period do not enjoy the same social freedom of their male counterparts, Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez in his novel Love in the Time of Cholera does not portray women as oppressed. Rather, Mà ¡rquez portrays several of his female characters as strong, resourceful, and independent individuals. This is particularly evident in how the novel presents Fermina Daza in her marriage to Dr. Juvenal Urbino as a strong, independent woman who is the intellectual equal of her husband. Despite not having received the same level of education as her husband, Fermina demonstrates that she is still the intellectual equal of her husband by outsmarting his rules. Unlike Fermina, who never finishes her studies nor receives her baccalaureate degree, Urbino had completed advanced studies in medicine and surgery to the point that none of his contemporaries seemed as rigorous and as learned as he in his science (Mà ¡rquez 105). Yet, Urbino comes to appreciate his wifes abundant domestic knowledge and skills after she becomes tired of his lack of understanding and asked him for an unusual birthday gift: that for one day he would take care of the domestic chores (Mà ¡rquez 222). Through the course of her birthday, Urbino demonstrates himself to be completely helpless regarding domestic knowledge and skills so that Fermina must resume command of the house prior to lunch. Regardless of his claims that Fermina would equally struggle to cure the sick, both Urbino and Fermina learn from this experience that each must appreciate the others unique knowledge and skills. Similarly, after discovering a discrepancy in Urbinos proclamation that nothing that does not speak will come into [their] house, resourcefully Fermina discovers and then buys a royal Paramaribo parrot, who speaks in a voice seemingly human (Mà ¡rquez 23). Thus, Urbino bowed to the ingenuity of his wife and recognizes that she is capable of outsmarting him and his rules (Mà ¡rquez 23). Therefore, by outsmarting Urbinos rules Fermina demonstrates that despite her lacking as advanced tutelage as her husband received, she is still his intellectual equal and he should appreciate her as such. Ferminas strong character and resolve is most evident in her determination and refusal to let others, particularly her husband, influence her choices or make decisions for her. This is clearly seen when she decides to leave and go live with her cousin Hildebranda after she becomes aware that Urbino is having an affair. Since Urbino knew the strength of her character very well, he simply accepted her decision with humility (Mà ¡rquez 235). However, this does not prevent Urbino from seeking to persuade Fermina in her decisions, especially using the intervention of religious authority figures. However, instead of swaying her in favor of Urbino and his ideas, the involvement of religious authority figures in Urbinos and Ferminas relationship makes her even more adamant in her own opinions and choices. This is particularly evident prior to their courtship, when Urbinos last resort in wooing Fermina was the mediation of Sister Franca de la Luz, Superior of the Academy (Mà ¡rq uez 125). Since Fermina hates her, she becomes outraged and becomes increasingly more vehement in her refusal to speak with Urbino. Similarly, this occurs when Urbino sends the Bishop of Riohacha on a pastoral visit to Fermina while she is living with Hildebranda in order to convince her to return home to him (Mà ¡rquez 236). Rather than give Urbino the satisfaction of her giving in to his request, Fermina refused in an amiable but firm manner when the Bishop asks to hear her confession with the explicit argument that she had nothing to repent of (Mà ¡rquez 236). She does not allow her decision to be influenced by the Bishop, but does leave with Urbino when he visits only because she would be happy to leave with him (Mà ¡rquez 254). This can also be seen during their honeymoon in how, although Fermina wanted to turn on the light in their suite, she wanted to be the one to do it, without anyones ordering her to, and she had her way (Mà ¡rquez 158). Overall, Fermina is a strong ch aracter who does not allow others, especially her husband, to persuade her or make decisions for her, instead choosing what she wants or what is most beneficial to her. Although Fermina Daza is dependent upon her husband like most women of her time, her husband is equally if not more dependent upon her. This is particularly evident after their golden wedding anniversary, when both were not capable of living for an instant without the other and that capacity diminished as their age increased (Mà ¡rquez 26). However, neither Fermina nor Urbino could have said if their mutual dependence was based on love or convenience (Mà ¡rquez 26). Urbinos dependence on Fermina is best illustrated through his need for her to care for him in his old age. Since Urbino is ten years older than Fermina, as he grows older he continually becomes weaker leaving Fermina as the strongest of the pair. At first, Fermina simply assists her husband with tasks such as bathing and dressing out of love, but for the last five years of Urbinos life she had been obliged to do it regardless of the reason because he could not dress himself (Mà ¡rquez 26). As Urbino decline s in health with his increasing age, he increasingly comes to depend upon Fermina in order to live. Basically, Urbino depends on Fermina more than Fermina depends on him. Despite Ferminas seeming dependence on Urbino for stability and companionship, she is still very independent minded. Unlike many other women of her time, she is independent in how she does not necessarily rely on her husband for a place to live. This can be seen in how Fermina threatened to move back to her fathers old house, which still belonged to her during the escalating argument between herself Urbino over whether or not there is any soap in the bath (Mà ¡rquez 29). This is also demonstrated when she leaves and goes to live with her cousin Hildebranda after she becomes aware that Urbino is having an affair. However, her independence is most clearly illustrated in how Fermina continues living after Urbinos sudden death. Despite his fear of any possible pain associated with death, what worried Dr. Urbino most about dying was the solitary life Fermina Daza would lead without him (Mà ¡rquez 45). However, Urbinos fear is unfounded because from her first moment as a wid ow, it was obvious that Fermina Daza was not as helpless as her husband had feared (Mà ¡rquez 46). When Ferminas son suggests his wife should accompany her on her riverboat journey, Fermina says that she is too big to have anyone take care of [her] (Mà ¡rquez 325). Unlike her husband, Fermina is independent and does not need anyone to take care of nor provide for her. Ferminas marriage to Urbino reveals that she is a strong, independent woman who is the intellectual equal of her husband. Urbino depends on Fermina more than Fermina depends on him since she does not need anyone to take care of nor provide for her. Despite her lack of as advanced tutelage as her husband received, by outsmarting Urbinos rules Fermina demonstrates she is still his intellectual equal and that he should appreciate her as such. In addition, Fermina is a strong character since she does not allow others, especially her husband, to persuade her or make decisions for her, instead choosing what she wants or what is most beneficial to her. Overall, by presenting Fermina Daza in her marriage to Dr. Juvenal Urbino as a strong, independent woman who is the intellectual equal of her husband, Mà ¡rquez in his novel Love in the Time of Cholera does not portray women as oppressed but rather as quite equal to their male counterparts.

How Students Can Reduce Their Carbon Footprint

Simple Things Students Can Do to Go Green This Year Everyone should do their part to protect the planet, and for some students "going green" can also be a valuable opportunity to explore a pressing cause that has become a major focus in the US lately. Recent reports have found that the Earth is warming much faster than previously thought – raising concerns among teens around the globe. A recent survey found that a majority of US teens are worried about climate change and 1 in 4 have participated in some form of activism on the topic of the Earth's climate. When students are in the midst of preparing for college it can be easy to become totally consumed with SAT scores and personal statements. While preparing for college and making the most of their high school experience is certainly important, students can also remain mindful of their surroundings and find simple ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Especially for students where environmentalism is a particular topic of interest or specialty, it's important to lead by example. Whether you want to be the next Greta Thunberg – the teen climate activist making headlines – or you just want to do your part to help reduce your carbon footprint this semester, keep reading to learn some simple eco-friendly steps you can take. Rethink Your Plastic Bottle HabitBuying plastic water bottles may seem like a convenient solution, particularly for students on the go. However, constant plastic use is not doing the environment any favors. Instead of relying on single-use bottles to quench their thirst students should consider picking out a reusable bottle and carrying it with them throughout classes and extracurricular activities. Not only is this a far more eco-friendly option, it can also cut down on spending in the long run. There are plenty of innovative water bottle brands, so don’t be afraid to spend some time perusing options before settling on a brand and design that matches your personal style. Students can also encourage their schools to go plastic bottle-free and advocate for water filling stations on campus. Ditch the Plastic StrawsStraw use may seem pretty inconsequential, but constantly opting for plastic for your beverages can add up in a pretty negative way. Switching from plastic to paper or metal straws is a small step students can take to reduce their carbon footprint. Many coffee shops have made the switch to paper straws and metal options are easy to find online. If your local shops don’t offer non-plastic options, consider making the suggestion to a store manager or salesperson. This is also another area where students can advocate for their school to go green by suggesting alternatives to plastic straws in the cafeteria. Find Alternate TransportationBiking is more than a solid exercise option! It’s also a fun and easy way to reduce your carbon footprint. Constant car use is harmful to the environment, so students should consider looking into alternate modes of transportation including biking, walking, and public transit like buses and trains. Biking not your thing? Consider other options like skateboarding, scooters, or even inline skates! While it may not be feasible for some students to take alternative transportation to school everyday, replacing short car rides with cycling or other modes of transport can be a great way to reduce your carbon emissions while also upping your physical activity for the day. Put Down the HamburgersReducing your meat consumption is another relatively easy way for students to become more eco-friendly. Greenhouse gas emissions from the agriculture industry are a major concern for the environment, so consider incorporating more meatless meals into your diet. Students can get creative by exploring alternative protein sources such as tofu, tempeh, and seitan as well as opting for beans, nuts, and legumes. While there’s no need to forgo meat entirely, even cutting back can have a significant impact on your carbon footprint. Forgo Fast FashionWhile buying cheap and on-trend clothing from major fashion retailers is always tempting, it’s not always an eco-conscious choice. Buying fast fashion contributes to massive annual textile waste as well as major contamination issues due to the vast amount of pesticides used on the genetically modified cotton many clothing items are made of. Instead of buying in bulk, consider investing in a few ethically made wardrobe staples you can repurpose for years to come. Buying clothing second-hand at local thrift stores is also another eco-friendly option that can help students go green while also saving some green! Second-hand clothing tends to be more affordable and can help you reduce waste – not to mention you can often find some one-of-a-kind pieces! By making a few simple changes students can reduce their carbon footprint and feel empowered to take action against climate change. Whether it’s environmental advocacy or another cause, it’s important for students to make an impact within their local communities. If you are looking for more ideas on how to make a change and highlight it throughout the application process, our team of college admissions experts are here to help!

Overview of Sociologys Conflict Theory

Conflict theory states that tensions and conflicts arise when resources, status, and power are unevenly distributed between groups in society  and that these conflicts become the engine for social change. In this context, power can be understood as control of material resources and accumulated wealth, control of politics and the institutions that make up society, and ones social status relative to others (determined not just by class but by race, gender, sexuality, culture, and religion, among other things). Karl Marx A house may be large or small; as long as the neighboring houses are likewise small, it satisfies all social requirement for a residence. But let there arise next to the little house a palace, and the little house shrinks to a hut. Wage Labour and Capital (1847) Marxs Conflict Theory Conflict theory originated in the work of Karl Marx, who focused on the causes and consequences of class conflict between the bourgeoisie (the owners of the means of production and the capitalists) and the proletariat (the working class and the poor). Focusing on the economic, social, and political implications of the rise of capitalism in Europe, Marx theorized that this system, premised on the existence of a powerful minority class (the bourgeoisie) and an oppressed majority class (the proletariat), created class conflict because the interests of the two were at odds, and resources were unjustly distributed among them. Within this system an unequal social order was maintained through ideological coercion which created consensus--and acceptance of the values, expectations, and conditions as determined by the bourgeoisie.  Marx theorized that the work of producing consensus was done in the superstructure of society, which is composed of social  institutions, political structures, and culture, and what it produced consensus for was the base, the economic relations of production.   Marx reasoned that as the socio-economic conditions worsened for the proletariat, they would develop a class consciousness that revealed their exploitation at the hands of the wealthy capitalist class of bourgeoisie, and then they would revolt, demanding changes to smooth the conflict. According to Marx, if the changes made to appease conflict maintained a capitalist system, then the cycle of conflict would repeat. However, if the changes made created a new system, like socialism, then peace and stability would be achieved. Evolution of Conflict Theory Many social theorists have built on Marxs conflict theory to bolster it, grow it, and refine it over the years. Explaining why Marxs theory of revolution did not manifest in his lifetime,  Italian scholar and activist  Antonio Gramsci  argued that the power of ideology was stronger than Marx had realized  and that more work needed to be done to overcome cultural hegemony, or  rule through common sense. Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno, critical theorists who were part of The Frankfurt School, focused their work on how the rise of mass culture--mass produced art, music, and media--contributed to the maintenance of cultural hegemony. More recently, C. Wright Mills drew on conflict theory to describe the rise of a tiny power elite composed of military, economic, and political figures who have ruled America from the mid-twentieth century. Many others have drawn on conflict theory to develop other types of theory within the social sciences, including feminist theory, critical race theory, postmodern and postcolonial theory, queer theory, post-structural theory, and theories of globalization and world systems. So, while initially conflict theory described class conflicts specifically, it has lent itself over the years to studies of how other kinds of conflicts, like those premised on race, gender, sexuality, religion, culture, and nationality, among others, are a part of contemporary social structures, and how they affect our lives. Applying Conflict Theory Conflict theory and its variants are used by many sociologists today to study a wide range of social problems. Examples include: How todays global capitalism creates a global system of power and inequality.How words play a role in reproducing and justifying conflict.The causes and consequences of the gender pay gap between men and women. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.